Effect of the Normans on Middle English essays

Impact of the Normans on Middle English expositions The year 1066 resoundingly affected the course of English history. William the First, Duke of Normandy, vanquished England and accepting it as a fortification in his rule. The French principle over England went on for a few centuries and realized multitudinous changes to the English state, language, culture and way of life. William imported French rulers to assume control over English government and strict posts. The French were the new gentry in England, yet the new society. The English changed their language and their way of life with an end goal to more look like the French and to speak with their new masters. The English language was more changed by the Norman Conquest than by some other occasion over the span of English history. Center English is characterized as the multi year term between the Norman Conquest and the time the print machine was acquainted with England in 1476. This exposition will investigate the particular impacts that the French had on Middle English morphology, phonology, punctuation, semantics and vocabulary. During the time of French guideline in England the remaining of English as a legitimate language dropped generously as French took over as the status language. Since such an extensive amount the French impact has been nativized by present-day speakers, many don't understand the effect that our language took in the years following 1066. Not one part of English life went immaculate by the Norman nearness in England, prominently, its language. Notwithstanding bringing new words into the English language, the Normans likewise presented some new sounds. The English had recently had no phonemic qualification betweenf/andv/;v/was only an allophone off/that happened between vowels. Be that as it may, with the flood of French credits which started inv/and differentiated as insignificant matches in English, this qualification advanced into Middle English: The French additionally affected the reception of a few new diphthongs into English. Diphthongs are... <!

The iCult of Apple Essay Example

The iCult of Apple Paper I decided to compose an article called â€Å"iCult† copying the news magazine: Time, considering the dispatch of Apples new iPhone. This composed errand connects to the temporary fad impact we learned to a limited extent two of the course, â€Å"Language and Mass Communication† where we coveredâ€Å"Pop Culture. The reason for this article is to investigate the monstrous religion like quality of Apple. The article discusses how the temporary fad impact is the key purpose for the mastery of Apple over its foes. Due to the impact of mainstream society, the customers couldn't care less about the upsides and downsides of the item itself, however simply need to buy into on the temporary fad. I began my article by titling it â€Å"iCult†. With the utilization of a â€Å"i† before words like â€Å"iCult†, â€Å"iSheep†, and â€Å"iProducts†, I attempted to imitate the notorious style of Apple products’ names like the iPad and iPhone.This word play pulls in the readers’ consideration and assists with passing on the idea. I have additionally remembered a caption for the start as untouched articles incorporate one that goes about as a proposal for the remainder of the substance. As I was composing for such a significant level and well renown distribution, I utilized complex sentences and formal selection of words likeâ€Å"adversaries†. This was applied to speak to the Time magazines target crowd, which for the most part comprise of the accomplished privileged people. I likewise utilized inquiries and statements like Time does to feature the public’s feeling. My article is separated into short sections to repeat t he structure of magazines, dissimilar to paper articles. The motivation behind this is to keep the crowd intrigued as the creator covers a variety of various subtopics. Time magazine’s articles are known to be objective, giving the perusers a knowledge into the two parts of the bargains. We will compose a custom paper test on The iCult of Apple explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The iCult of Apple explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The iCult of Apple explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer As the fixation and publicity over Apple items keep on rising, the organization is changing into increasingly more of a clique like religion. With the revealing of the

7 Propaganda Techniques for Students to Understand

7 Propaganda Techniques for Students to Understand Propaganda has existed as a method for any leaders or corporations to gain influence.Leaders such as Adolf Hitler and people who inspired many such as Mahatma Gandhi used a certain concept as a message for their followers to employ in their lives.These leaders also use it in the form of strong words such as “faith”, “independence”, “freedom”, “pride”, and even “peace”.These words also have an emotional appeal towards its listeners to the point where some of them may accept the idea without analyzing it.That’s why propaganda is also used by businesses to attract or, in some negative cases, fool people as well.Propaganda is a must for every student to understand not just as a part of their studies.They need to learn the different types of propaganda as it will help them determine what they really must believe in as they progress towards an independent life.Here are the seven types of propaganda that students need to learn:GLITTERING GENERALITIES This is considered as the most basic type of propaganda.Glittering generalities consists of words that are filled with praises.It’s what patriotism is all about as it defines positiveness.Phrases such as “world-class food” are what glittering generalities are all about.This is often used by politicians as a way to inspire people to vote for them.Hans Bluedorn states that words which “stir up certain emotions” is what most advertisers use when promoting a product.The help of words such as “organic”, “all-new”, “fresh” and even “low-fat” gives us a very positive insight about the product.These words often attract people as it sparks their curiosity.The help of sugar-coated words are truly powerful despite its simplicity in meaning, hence the reason why generalization is applied in the statements that your message talks about.Audience can have a huge emotional impact if this type of propaganda was made during a stressful event such as an economic crisis. Some even label glitter ing generalities as the propaganda for opportunists.Most Popular Examples1. AdvertisementsHave you ever encountered slimming tea commercials?These are one of the most noticeable ads that use the glittering generalities propaganda.Since many people are gaining a lot of weight due to the cheapness of fast food menus and the many delicious recipes that you can think about, they can easily get attracted by slimming tea products.Just the word “slimming” could be enough to those who aspire to lose a bit of weight.“Start losing weight now by trying Herbal* Slimming** tea. Our slimming tea helps you lose weight by burning fat on your body. A lot of studies show that our product has helped millions around the world. It’s an amazing product to keep you in shape!”As you can see the emboldened words are those that creates the Glittering Generalities propaganda.The words may appear to give you an idea that it’s a slimming tea due to the words that they tell.However, even if they clai m that various studies show that their product is effective, without any further explanation”, the “amazingness” of the product seems to be vague in detail.It will also leave you with questions on how can it really burn fat, for how long will you need to drink the tea, or if there are many side effects.The advertisement didn’t even mention the exact amount of people who were “helped by the product” it didn’t even indicate the countries around the world where some of the customers live.2.  Labeled Directly In Front Of YouThe propaganda is often found in product labels. Words such as “new and improved” and “20% more” are often placed in product in order to attract people in purchasing it.Despite the reassuring words, we are unsure whether how the product became “improved” or “more”.This is often found in snacks and beauty products.3.  Political StrategyThe use of glittering generalities has never ceased to exist in political propaganda.The use of words su ch as “change” and “hope” are often seen and heard in political ads (e.g. commercials and tarpaulins) and in campaign speeches.This is a commonly used propaganda before and during the elections.However, we will never be unsure if the politician truly has good will once they get elected.One of the most notable speeches that’s covered with glittering generalities was Former U.S. President Barrack Obama’s Inauguration Speech in January 20, 2009.The most parts of his speech contain the propaganda based on the following words:“reaffirm our enduring spirit”“transform our schools and colleges and universities”“knowledge that God calls”“a new foundation for growth”“restore science to its rightful place”“to meet demands of a new age”“new era of responsibility”Such words are filled with sugar-coated words that can make people feel hopeful for the leadership that the former President shall apply.However, people will be left questioning what are those asp ects that will reaffirm, their spirits during his tenure.They will even wonder what are the demands that must be met during the new age and what will be the new foundation for growth.Glittering Generalities may be widely considered as a simple marketing strategy.But note that there may be some propaganda or ads under Glittering Generalities that are effective and beneficial for the good of people despite the vagueness of the message.It just depends on the integrity of the company itself .NAME CALLING/TRASH TALKING If glittering generalities are often filled with praises in order to provide a positive meaning to a certain advocacy or product, name calling is the polar opposite.It’s also called as trash talking, and is often found as an offensive propaganda rather than defensive.The name calling propaganda occurs when pejorative words are used by an entity or a personality when talking about their rival.Some politicians tend to perform name calling if they have a tight and bitter ri valry with an opposing party.It’s also one of the reasons why some political believers are so mad to the party that they oppose. It’s because some politicians can really use very negative words just to lower the reputation of their opponents.This will be discussed on the examples below.That’s why name calling is also branded as “trash talking”.Most Popular Examples1. For Political GainFor sure you already heard politicians in the news whenever they try to oppose their rivals.They often say words that can damage the reputation of their political opponents.There are also times where politician use name calling when opposing against militant groups if he/she considers them evil.Here are some words that they use for name calling:TerroristsRebelsGuerillaProtesters/ActivistsSome politicians also use this to label their rivals to the public.This is proven to be extremely effective in strengthening the support of the people who already support them.It’s because the result of nam e calling adds more hate to the opposing group or politician.Here are some of the words they use:LeftistRebelCorruptLiarSociopathIncompetentGreedySelfishPolitics has been a ground for name calling due to the many rivalries that occur between politicians.This also happens during court hearings between opposing teams, which always results in tension that the judge often calms down.2. AdvertisementsBusinesses who often have a bitter rivalry with another company, or companies who got name called first, also use name calling.Although it’s not as often as how politicians use it, but name calling in advertisements holds a strong impact to the public. Some may find it funny, entertaining or offensive.Below is an example of name calling in an advertisement by Burger King:“Why eat with a clown, When you can dine with a king?”The itelized word is insulting as a clown is inferior compared to a king in all aspects.It also suggests that dining with a king is better than a mere “clown”.3 .  For Personal GainSome people may use name calling for their selfish goals to lower a person’s reputation.This is often shown in a group of friends wherein one wants everyone to dislike a certain person within the group.This can also be used to steal someone’s goal at work such as a promotion.This is also liked to credit-grabbing which is an immoral strategy fit for personal gain.Here are examples of lines where name calling is used within a gossip:“Hey, have you heard that John has bad breath?”“I didn’t expect that Joe’s a creep”“I can’t believe that Nora said that I’m very materialistic. She’s such a gossiper!”These lines may be familiar to you when you’re talking to other people who talks negatively to someone just to ruin their reputation.But even if the following lines are proven to be true or not, these are still name calling strategies that can be used as a propaganda for personal gain in social groups or at work.Most governments and their allie d media companies often use name calling.But there are special cases where certain brands can also use it to compete against their rival corporations.However, businesses use this type of propaganda in an indirect manner in order to generalize all of their competitors.They often use strong words like “so-called best” when indirectly pertaining about a rival company during an advertisement.Politicians often use this when reminding people about rebels and terrorists when mentioning a group.In all aspects, it seems that name calling is very negative when used as a propaganda as It can be used to attack one’s character.PLAIN FOLKS The plain folks is an appeal which talks about regular people and common life values such as family, finances and health.This type of propaganda is often used to send a message to the common people when pertaining about certain resolutions to issues.Thus, this propaganda often shows that the advocacy or the product is for everyone to enjoy.Most Popular Ex amples1. Political StrategiesPoliticians often employ the plain folks propaganda by being a “people person” or someone who’s humble enough to step down into the perspective of the average people.This type of propaganda is known to be popular across various scenarios as it employs good will and compassion towards the commoners, or most likely to the poor.Popular presidents such as Barrack Obama, Rodrigo Duterte, and Jose Mujica have displayed notable traits of being a people person.They often show that they can live a simple life and can be friendly with commoners.This is often seen in their campaign ads and during their tenure.They also show simple lifestyles so then people will think that they can “stoop down” their levels which is proven to be very humbling.Based on the stories of these presidents, they may use the propaganda as their political strategy or they can willingly do it as a leader.2. Entertainment PurposesAdvertisements on television such as celebrities and cartoon characters ordering in a fast food chain or a celebrity showing their humble lives can be very good sources of entertainment.Fast food chains are known for all commoners.That’s why they will often think that the celebrity or the cartoon character has already eaten in a popular fast food restaurant.This can also lead towards attraction to the advertised restaurant as well.Another notable example of entertainment are TV personalities and journalists who document themselves in living a simple lifestyle.It’s often attractive for its viewers as it shows that even famous people can live a life like a normal civilian.Some may even feel touched if they see the celebrity living a poor life in the past.The plain folks propaganda is a very positive type of advocacy whether it’s being used for business, popularity or for political gain.Whether it’s a negative or a positive goal, being a “people person” always leaves an impact to those who need someone ideal as a leader or a popular personality.BANDWAGON Bandwagon advertising and advocacy uses a type of mentality within a group.It helps convince individuals with similar mentalities to join into purchasing or following the certain entity who employed the appeal.The main idea of the bandwagon propaganda is to let people know that it’s good for them as the majority likes it.Numerous corporations has used the power of bandwagon in order to promote many people in believing the capability of their product.The strongest message of this advocacy is letting people feel like they will be “left out” if they don’t join the crowd.This also places insecurity to people who won’t follow the propaganda.Peer pressure is also applied when the bandwagon propaganda has been followed.Most Popular Examples1. Marketing and Political StrategyThere was a marketing research which shows different kinds of group consumers.The research shows that a group of happy friends in a very clean and classy night club are portrayed in drinking a brand of expensive liquor.The showcasing of the happy group in the club is a company’s attempt to make individuals purchase the liquor as it can make them gather more friends for a good time.It could also mean that you’re “cool” if you drink the product.Donald Trump is one of those politicians who often used bandwagons in propaganda.He often says that he has “tens of thousands of people” who support him or believe what he does.People who firmly support him will feel like they are part of those amount of people, and felt that they did something good for their beloved president.2. Pressuring PeopleIt could also make you think that you shouldn’t feel left behind if you don’t “purchase” the product.That’s why some ads such as McDonalds tells you to “hurry up” whenever they have a limited edition product, such as this ad when they offered the Twister Fries in the Philippines for a limited amount of time.Various companies who have“limited offers† use bandwagoning as a way to pressure people in purchasing it.3. AnnouncementsSome announcements in malls such as the one below might be familiar to you:“Better buy this product at half the price before time runs out!”“Hurry! Buy this product and get another one/bonus product for free!”These are the most common announcements that you will see in malls as it attracts people in being more frugal by purchasing the product at half the price.It also attracts people in getting a free product just to show that they were the ones who got another one or a different product for free.Some may also show this propaganda at work such as those who offer early time-outs at work for limited workers only (something that often happens in BPO companies).This event at work attracts many people in getting a time-out because for sure most employees would love to log-out at work very early.The Bandwagon appeal is neutral in all aspects because it’s always up to the person who sees or reads the propaganda.Thus, it’s their decision to join those who support the cause or not.After all, we always have the free will if we consider something as “cool” pr “acceptable” just like how others perceive it.TESTIMONIALS The method of using testimonials is simply by showing what others could say about the advocacy or the product. The use of testimonials as propaganda can be a good promoters.It’s like letting the people talk about the product’s capability in a positive manner.This is one of the strongest means of promoting nowadays, especially that we now live in an age where fake news and false claims are getting more common.Due to the motive of testimonial, it could also be used as part of a bandwagon propaganda as well.Most Popular Examples1. AdvocaciesAnti-smoking campaigns such as this one from QuitNow often show an interview of a former smoker who suffered from a terrible disease.The help of the testimonial could show the potential dangers of smoking to those who have n’t experienced the illness that the interviewee got when he was still a smoker.A testimonial-rich advocacy often has strong impact to its audience to feel inspired if it’s a success story.However, the audience might feel scared if the testimonial might be of something traumatic or disturbing (e.g. having a disease from smoking or someone who committed suicide due to frequent bullying).Either way, it often results in its audience to become supportive to the advocacy.2. Marketing StrategiesSome advertisements even use celebrities or models as the people who will talk about the testimonial.The celebrity will then talk about their experience in using the product and its effects as proof.This mostly happens in beauty products and certain medicines/supplements.Product reviews online could also serve as testimonials for promoting the product’s quality.3. For Boosting ReputationGroups who oppose politicians can gather more members if their propaganda contains people who were mistreat ed by the politician or the government.This can raise the reputation of the group to the point where they become stronger.It could also be used by politicians themselves but in a way where they will let other people know about their good qualities.The people used politically as a strategy or just to show that they are actually worthy of the people’s votes.Some people at work could also use this technique in order to gain the respect of their bosses if an employee wishes to get promoted.Testimonials are all about letting others talk about your advocacy. It has a very positive impact to many people because we always find proof over good things.That’s why whenever we encounter a person or a product that claims to be of good characteristic, we always look for proofs from other people.CARD STACKING The card stacking propaganda is an action that’s mean to make an argument biased.This is where advertisers or politicians will continuously talk about the good qualities of whatever they are promoting.A lot of political advertisements and medicine advertisements often use the card stacking approach in order to gain the attention of their target audience.Card stacking can be easily combined with any type of propaganda in order to strengthen the statement of one’s message or advocacy.Most Popular Examples1. Campaign PurposesWhether it’s before or after the elections, card stacking is common in politics.Political parties will fill their audience with positive details on how their candidates can help out.However, even if there are known negative traits about the candidate, the party will never mention anything about it.Promoting a candidate before the elections are often filled with card stacking propaganda just to make people believe that they are the right person to vote.2. ReligionSome other groups such as religious ministries can also use this propaganda.An example of it is that a pastor who set up a church in a poor community often feeds people who will listen to their words.They will also talk about how they will be saved by whoever they believe in as well.Most religious leaders often show great characteristics when it comes to those whom they worship, as it leads people into believing the religion.Some religions with diversities (e.g. Christians having various denominations) often use their respective creeds and backgrounds in order to persuade people towards conversion to their denomination.This results in rivalries between different denominations, which often happens in Christian denominations.3. Pitching SalesCard stacking is known to be one of the most powerful techniques in pitching sales. Salesmen and many other advertisements often show good qualities of the product only.It’s because businesses have one belief that one negative trait can greatly lower a product or a brand’s reputation.That’s why many advertisements are always sugar-coated with a product’s benefits, but contains zero disadvantages about the product.Card s tacking always portrays positive qualities about the product.However, the audience may not believe this type of propaganda if an opposing testimonial or a name calling strategy against the message is proven to be truer.TRANSFER The transfer propaganda can help the audience think that they are part of a certain scenario where the propaganda is being employed.It often uses an entitled personality such as a politician or a celebrity in order to promote one’s message.It’s basically associating yourself with the credibility of the person you’re mentioning.Most Popular Examples1. Health-Related PropagandaFor example, associating the product you’re selling with how a famous celebrity uses it can be used as a way for people to purchase your product.This is often popular with expensive supplements who claim that world-class athletes use it.As a result, your audience may think that you’re living a lifestyle that’s as healthy as the athlete if you say that you’re also using the s upplement that you sell.2. AdvertisingThe Transfer Propaganda is widely used in ads.People will often believe the product’s credibility if the audience likes the celebrity that’s promoting the product. It makes the audience feel like they are “similar” to their favorite celebrity as they both use the same product.Some people who are proud of their countries may like to purchase a product that shows the countrys rich culture or its flag in the advertisement.This can make them feel like they are proud countrymen if they buy the product in question.However, you may confuse transfer with the plain folks propaganda on certain advertisements.But the truth is that it could be a combination if a celebrity uses a product that’s for the “masses”.PROPAGANDA: COMBINING LOGIC AND EMOTION FOR A CERTAIN GOALPropaganda is very powerful as it can manipulate both logic an emotion in letting your audience believe what you have to say.That’s why many politicians strategically practice t hese propaganda in their many campaigns so then they can get support from the people without question.Advertisements can also contain propaganda that’s not actually as honest as what they claim in their messages.That’s why students must be wary about the specifics of the various types of propaganda as they can exploit these in making better decisions as they grow up.They can even use it to develop their own message if they wish to change the world.After all, the students will soon become individuals who can shape the world someday.

The Delivery Of Law Enforcement - 907 Words

Law enforcement agencies could face severe budget cuts if the nation’s economy struggles and local tax revenues drop. The consequences of spending cuts may cost layoffs, reduced services, shuttered public facilities and badly needed infrastructure improvements pushed back even further (Tameez, 2014). The delivery of law enforcement services will fundamentally change as a result of severe budget cuts. Hundreds of officers in a single police department could be laid off, which means there will be fewer officers to respond to calls for service. In similar views, federal agencies must also have a strategic fiscal budget plan in order to deliver their services efficiently and promptly. Information sharing between the intelligence community and local law enforcement is crucial during catastrophic events such as terrorist attacks, natural and man-made disasters. When Hurricane Katrina made landfall in late August of 2005, its destruction caused many deaths and disruption to the economy. Houston felt Katrina’s impact, but we were not badly hit as New Orleans. Many lessons were learned from Hurricane Katrina and one such example where poor communication and lack of information sharing between the federal, state and city law enforcements. It is believed that all levels of government weren’t prepared for a catastrophic incident like Katrina. There were lack of planning and coordination; overlapping of rescue teams was dispatched to the same location while leaving many other locationsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Stress and Law Enforcement1154 Words   |  5 PagesManagement and Dealing with Stress in Officers It is important that law enforcement officers are able to handle stress and build his or her zone of stability. Officers have a ready-made support system in each other. They better understand the special problems and feelings that come with the job that friends and family members dont. 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Analysis Of Maus s Maus - 1779 Words

Josh Feldman English 101 Professor Macleod December 7th, 2014 Animalization and Identity in Maus Art Spiegelman utilizes animals as characters in Maus to great effect. His decision to use animals instead of people is an important one; by representing racial and national groups in a non-normative fashion, he focuses the reader’s attention on the concept of identity, a concept that is often times entirely taken for granted. Identity, and the process by which one’s identity may be formed, is multi-faceted. On occasion, this can be simple. For instance, Vladek is Jewish, and identifies as such, even admittedly conforming to a good deal of the stereotypes, such as miserliness, and is descended from a long line of Jews However, even for someone like Vladek, who never for a moment questions his identity in point of fact, the matter of identity can become complicated; there are times when he has to disguise himself as a gentile Pole to avoid racist persecution and for reasons of survival, making the transformation from mouse to pig in the context of the graphic memoir. Du ring this time of disguise, the transformation is visually rendered by Spiegelman by having Vladek put on a pig mask; Spiegelman, as an artist, takes full advantage of his character’s animalization: species are easily identified, and subsequently categorized by the human mind quickly. For others, however, their identities are not so fixed, not so firmly established. 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From the Great Wall to the Pyramids Free Essays

The Great Wall of China and the Egyptian Pyramids are both Manmade Wonders of the World and belong to two of the oldest civilizations. Ancient Egypt and ancient China both have history that date back over 4,000 years ago, and though the two civilizations co-existed simultaneously with one another, there were little contact between the two. Yet apart from some underlying differences, there are many similarities between the two cultures as is highlighted when examining the Analects and The Book of the Dead. We will write a custom essay sample on From the Great Wall to the Pyramids or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the surface, the social behavior and values emphasized in the Analects and The Book of the Dead resemble one another; however, upon closer examination it becomes apparent that the origin and purpose behind the actions different greatly. The purpose of the two literatures contrast due to the lifestyles and beliefs that were held during each of the corresponding civilizations. Though the texts preach similar values and achieve similar results in terms of human behavior, the factor that ignited the creation of these two historical pieces differ tremendously. The Analects was written by Confucius, also known as Kong Zi, who resided during the Era of Warring State, which was a sub-period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. This was a time of disunity and power struggle where the empire was divided into areas controlled feudal lords who desired to expand their land by conquering weaker neighboring states. In the midst of this, philosophies of humanity and order began to blossom, as people began to grow tiresome of the constant wars and chaos. Confucius emphasizes that, â€Å"If they [riches and honor] cannot be obtained in the proper way, they should not be held†(p. ). These philosophies flourished as people began wanting reforms towards a harmonious life. Confucianism contributed to the downfall of the Zhou Dynasty, bringing in new values and social behaviors to the civilization. The Book of the Dead, on the other hand, formed due to the Egyptians emphasis of the afterlife. The Ancient Egyptian society was centered on the Nile River that p rovided fertile soil for the Egyptians to be able to survive. They believed that this â€Å"gift† from the Nile was from the gods when the people found favor with them. To maintain the positive relationship with the Gods, and to insure a favorable afterlife, The Book of the Dead was created as a guide for the dead to pass over to the next life. A contrast can be drawn in what stemmed the creation for each of these texts. The Analects was created to bring about change in the Chinese Civilization while the Book of the Dead was designed to further the positive relationship Egyptian people had with the Gods. . Though the two texts have varying origins, similar values are emphasized throughout the two historical texts and the civilization as a whole. The Egyptian word â€Å"maat† is an important term in the Egyptian society and is seen throughout the Book of the Dead. It signifies not just truth, but also balance, justice, and order. The people are required â€Å"live on maat, and feed on maat† (p. 3), which further reveals that the people’s life revolve around order and truth. In a similar fashion, Confucius also emphasizes the revolving order of truth, education, and justice. In the Analects, Confucius instructs man to â€Å"recompense injury with justice, and recompense kindness with kindness†, an obvious dedication to not only justice and equality, but also sympathy. Further, Confucius reinforces that â€Å"the object of the superior man is truth, not food. † Similarly, the same parallel exists between the justice and equality aspect of the Analects and the â€Å"maat†, the order and truth, found in the Book of the Dead. Thus, the values conveyed in the Book of the Dead, for motivational purposes for a â€Å"good† afterlife, mirror the ones found in the Analects, as the common Chinese civilization also take to heart said values for the benefit of society overall and to improve their current circumstances. Therefore, although there is a difference in origin and intention abiding by such values, it is hard to avoid the fact that the common values and social rules revolving around both civilizations’ societies closely resemble one another. Though the messages revealed in the two historical texts are similar, how the same objective is delivered differs, which in turn also affects the people’s lifestyle. The Book of the Dead provides of list of actions that must and must not be done, as it serves as a checklist of things the Egyptians must do before death such as, â€Å"I have not caused pain, I have cause no man to hunger, I have made no one weep.. (p. 1). The Analects instead provides words of wisdom and guidance for the people when making the decision like, â€Å"What you do not want done to yourself, do not to do others† (p. 1). This empowers the people to make the decision and to find what it right and wrong. Another factor that further emphasis the difference in what motivates the people to conduct good behavior is education. Confucianism seeks to emphasize the importance of education and provide the genesis of the concept of morality. In other words, the priority and heavy emphasis given to education by Confucianism exists to enable the education of right from wrong, and it is their belief that only through such truth and knowledge can one be conscious of choosing right over wrong. As an extension of that philosophy, Confucianism also argues that to know the ethics between right and wrong is essentially useless without applying and acting upon it. In contrast, the Book of the Dead doesn’t emphasize such an innate and acute developed sense of morality and ethics, and instead, dictates several rules of what to do and what not to do. The mystery or education needed to identify right from wrong is not necessary, and practically doesn’t exist, and instead a simple adherence to discipline and obedience is the true test of their morality. In other words, the Egyptians did not place an emphasis of conscience or the development of ethics and morality, but instead places a greater emphasis on structured obedience, abiding by the rules stated in the Book of the Dead. All in all, it is no surprise that the two ancient civilizations live completely dissimilar lifestyles with contrasting beliefs, as they were isolated from one another. As the two began developing their culture, it is interesting to point out that their values and favored social conduct behavior ultimately became quite parallel. The emphasis in harmony, truth, and social order would not be prevalent in other societies, yet are in both the ancient Egyptians and the ancient Chinese civilizations. And yet, it is no doubt that their beliefs of the afterlife and motivation for following such conduct differs tremendously and is what gives each civilization their unique culture. How to cite From the Great Wall to the Pyramids, Papers

Encyclopedia of Law and Economics

Question: Discuss about the Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Answer: Meaning of consideration The price which is asked by a promisor in exchange of his promise is called the consideration. A consideration of some kind is necessary for the promise to be binding. Thus a promise without a consideration is not considered to be valid promise and hence it is not enforceable. However there are certain exceptions to thus rule and under certain circumstances, a promise without a consideration would be considered to be valid (McKendrick, 2014). In the instant case, the offer was made to Jack by Jane for sale of her Lotus Super 7 sports car. Jack has accepted the offer. But the agreement is devoid of any consideration. Milroy vs Lord In this case, a deed was executed by Medley who seeded to transfer certain bank shares to a trustee. But the shares were not registered in the name of the trust in the banks register. Subsequently, Mr. Medley died (Lightman, 2013).The transfer of shares was resisted by the personal representative of Mr. Medley. It was argued by the personal representative of Mr Medley that the transfer was seeded to be made without any valuable consideration and therefore same should not be enforced. According to him, it was an uncompleted gift and the same should not be enforced as the agreement could not fulfil the requirement of consideration which is essential for enforceability of an agreement (Smith, 2014). It was decided that a mere promise with a gratuitous intention does not bind the parties legally or equitably (Garza, 2016). In the instant case, Jane wanted to transfer the car to Jack. But the offer and acceptance of the same would not bind the parties because there is lack of consideration in this case. A consideration is an essential part of a contact and the general principle is that a contract without a consideration is null and void. Thus, for an agreement to be enforceable it is necessary and essential that a consideration must be present. Therefore, in the instant case, the mere offer and acceptance by the parties would not bind them legally. In other words, Jack cannot move the court to enforce the promise. In the instant case, the offer was made to Jack by Jane for sale of her Lotus Super 7 sports car for an amount of $25,000. The nature and requirement of consideration needs to be looked into in order to determine whether the above mentioned amounted to a valid consideration or not. Now, consideration is nothing but a price which is stipulated for the promise by the promisor. Consideration may neither need be monetary nor need to be of monetary value. Consideration should bring some detriment to the promise. This is the primary requirement of a consideration. Moreover, consideration does not mean that the promisor needs to get any tangible benefit. A consideration which requires the promise to quit smoking or requires him to study every Saturday night would also amount to a valid consideration under the eyes of law. Consideration may be anything stipulated by the promisor The consideration has to be fixed by the promisor and not the promisee. The promisor has the choice to stipulate anything as a consideration and it can virtually take any form. Case: Chappell vs Nestle In this case, Nestle, in order to promote its chocolate sales, put up an advertisement that anyone who sends money and three chocolate wrappers would be supplied with a record by Nestle (Gallagher, 2016). The main argument involved in this case was whether the chocolate wrappers formed part of the consideration or not for the sale of the record. It was held that the requirement of three chocolate wrappers was something more than a condition and it did form part of a valid consideration (Turner, 2014). A famous statement was given by Lord Somervell in this case: A contracting party can stipulate for what consideration he chooses. A peppercorn does not cease to be good consideration if it is established that the promisee does not like pepper and will throw away the corn. (Sacha, 2012). Thus, according to the court, anything stipulated by the promisor can form part of the consideration. In the instant case, the consideration stipulated by the promisor is monetary compensation amounting to $25000 which is equal to the market value of the car. It means if Jane choses to sell the car to any person other than Jack, he would get the same amount as he has stipulated. This amounts to a valid consideration and it would undoubtedly bind the parties legally. Thus, the parties are bound by the terms of the agreement and Jack can sue Jane if Jane refuses to sell the car. In the instant case, the offer was made to Jack by Jane for sale of her Lotus Super 7 sports car for an amount of $2500, whereas the market value of the car is $25000. Jack accepts the same. It has been established that a consideration in order to be valid needs to be certain and not illusory. Case: Biotechnology Australia Pty Ltd v Pace In this case, an employment contract was entered into between Pace and Biotechnology. There was a provision in the contract that Pace would be entitled to participate in the company's senior staff equity sharing scheme. At the time when the contract was entered into, there was no such scheme in existence (Torre, 2014). Therefore, the consideration under the contract was held to be uncertain and illusory as Biotech did not specifically mention about the amount of consideration to be paid to Pace (Gray, 2012). Adequacy of consideration A consideration will be considered to be a good consideration even if it has a minimal value (Chitty, 2012). Consideration need not be fixed according to the market value of a product and a consideration will be considered to be good so long as the promisor fixes it voluntarily and it is readily accepted by the promisee. There is no requirement that a consideration needs to be stipulated according to the economic terms of the product. If the parties voluntary agree to a consideration, even if it is not adequate, still the consideration would be considered to be a good consideration. This principle follows the economic freedom of the parties and give discretion to the parties for determine the subjective worth of the promise. Thus, a promisor may choose to stipulate any consideration it pleases. If the consideration is too much inadequate, then it has to be seen whether one of the parties is in an influential bargaining position or not. A contract, thus may be set aside on the ground of unconscionable bargain. In the instant case, both the parties have freely entered into the agreement. None of the parties seem to be in an influential bargaining position. The consideration has been stipulated by Jane and it has been readily accepted by Jack. Moreover, the consideration is specific and it does not contain any illusory terms. This shows the willingness of Jane to sell her car at a value which is far less than the market value of the car. The agreement has been entered into voluntarily between the parties and the consideration is a good consideration. Thus, the agreement would legally bind the parties and they will have to perform the obligations undertaken under the contract. The facts of the instant case are as follows: A contract was entered into between a shipbuilder and North Ocean Tankers. Under the contract, the shipbuilder was required to build a tanker flor North Ocean Tankers. The consideration stipulated under the contract was in US dollars and there was no term in the contract which provided for currency fluctuation. The shipbuilder fulfilled approximately 50% of his obligation under the contract and the United States devalued its currency by 10%. Due to the fluctuation in US dollars, the shipbuilder foresaw that he was going to suffer a loss under the contract, he demanded for the payment of an extra US $33 million, which if not paid, he would stop the work. The buyer agreed to pay the above mentioned amount as the tanker was required to be delivered on time. The buyer commenced an action after 9 months after delivery of the tanker. It is important to mention here that the facts of the instant case are similar to that of North Ocean Shipping Co Ltd. v. Hyundai Construction Co and another. In this case, there was an agreement between Hyundai another (defendants) and North Ocean Shipping Co Ltd (plaintiffs) that a tanker would be constructed by the defendants for the plaintiffs. The consideration was fixed in US dollars and was agreed to be paid in five instalments. A letter of credit was required to be opened by the defendants under the terms of the contract for securing the repayment of instalments in case of any default. There happened to be a devaluation of 10% of the US dollar after the payment of the first instalment. The defendants demanded that the last four instalments be increased in accordance with the currency fluctuation. The plaintiff although rejected the demand initially but had to accept it subsequently as the defendants threatened to stop the work. Meanwhile, the plaintiffs entered into an advan tageous agreement to charter the tanker and readily agreed to pay extra amount on the instalments and thereby requested the defendants for increasing the letter of credit. The tanker was delivered to the plaintiffs and they sought to bring an action after eight months such delivery (Kang et al., 2016). The contention which the plaintiffs raised in this case was that either the agreement to pay the excess amount was void on the ground that there was no consideration or it was voidable on the ground that the agreement was entered into under economic duress and had been made involuntarily. Justice Mocatta rejected the contention of the plaintiffs and held that the agreement for paying the excess of amount did not lack a consideration. The consideration was in the form of the promise made by the defendant to increase the letter of credit. However, he accepted that the plaintiffs have been pressurised to pay extra instalments for the tanker. He agreed that the agreement was voidable on the ground of economic duress and he also accepted the fact that the defendants had given a threat to terminate the contract in order to receive the extra amount from the plaintiffs. But he denied giving any relief to the plaintiffs on the ground that the plaintiffs had accepted the contract through their conduct (Whaley et al., 2015). The instant case is however different for the above mentioned case. In the instant case, the charter agreement was already entered by the North Ocean Tankers before the emergence of any economic duress. It was under a compulsion in the sense that it required the delivery of tanker on time. The shipbuilder had taken advantage of the situation and had exerted pressure on North Ocean Tankers and had even threatened to stop the work if the extra amount as demanded was not paid on time. Under the present circumstances, the shipbuilder has put undue pressure on the North Ocean Tankers. The North Ocean Tankers has reluctantly accepted the contract under protest. The elements of economic duress have also been fulfilled in the present case. Firstly, a contract already existed between the North Ocean Tankers and the shipbuilder. Secondly, a threat was given by the shipbuilder that he would terminate the existing contract and thirdly, the terms and conditions as offered by the shipbuilder under the duress had been accepted by North Ocean Tankers. Thus, the instant case fulfils all the requirements of economic duress. The agreement, thus entered into between the parties, under such duress is therefore voidable. Moreover, the period of nine months is well under the limitation period to sue for damages under the relevant statutes of different States of Australia. The action initiated by North Ocean Tankers is not barred by limitation period and they have full right to approach the Court and recover the excess amount which they have paid under economic duress. Thus, under the present circumstances, North Ocean Tankers are entitled to recover the excess amount which they have paid. References: Chitty, J. (2012). Chitty on contracts: General principles (Vol. 1). Sweet Maxwell. Gallagher, C. (2016). Should the" Doctrine of Consideration" be abolished?. Garza, R. I. (2016). (Un) enforceability of trust arbitration clauses in civil and common l Gray, A. (2012). Termination of Convenience Clauses and Good Faith. J. Int'l Com. L. Tech., 7, 260. Kang, J. Y., Kim, S., Murphy, H., Tenold, S. (2016). British financial, managerial and technical assistance in establishing the global shipbuilding giant, Hyundai Heavy Industries. International Journal of Maritime History, 28(1), 81-101. Lightman, J. (2013). CASE EXAMPLE. Unlocking Trusts. McKendrick, E. (2014). Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). Sacha, J. (2012). Virtual Advantages for Charities. Intellectual Property Journal, 25(1), 75. Smith, O. (2014). Incompletely Constituted Gifts: A Historical Assessment of Case Law. NEL Rev., 2, 33. Torre, A. (2014). Risk Management, Optimal. Encyclopedia of law and economics, 1-10. Turner, C. (2014). Key Cases: Contract Law. Routledge. Whaley, A., McAdam, B., Crowe, P. (2015). The acceleration dilemma: can English law accommodate constructive acceleration?. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 7(3), 248-267.

A Swot Analysis Of British Airways Tourism Essays

A Swot Analysis Of British Airways Tourism Essays A Swot Analysis Of British Airways Tourism Essay A Swot Analysis Of British Airways Tourism Essay Introduction: British Airways is considered as one of the largest international air hoses of United Kingdom. British air passages Plc and many other subordinates companies make the whole British Airways group. Currently, British Airways ( BA ) covers more than 550 finishs. Harmonizing to the information of the twelvemonth 2008/09, more than 34 million riders have travelled through British Airways. British air passages chief concern runing hub location is London s Heathrow airdrome which serves the company with big geographical country. British Airways is besides listed in stock exchange of London.. ( Company Information, n.d. ) .The following study will analyze and so evaluates both the indexs of the British Airways Internet Explorer, fiscal every bit good as non-financial by doing it compare with the public presentation of other company, which is Dubai based named as Emirates Airlines. Talking about Emirates Airlines, being launched in 1985 and since so shown the marks as of one of the fastest tu rning air hoses of the universe s air hose industry. Presently, the company covers more than 100 different finishs throughout the universe. ( The Emirates Group, 2009 ) . Further in the study the rating of the public presentation of both these companies is being done by utilizing ratio analysis and there will besides be treatment about the fiscal public presentation tendency analysis of both the companies in the last few old ages. This study will besides look at the managerial and non fiscal challenges faced by both of these companies utilizing SWOT analysis, and so speaking about the challenges and solutions for those challenges. The last subdivision of this study will discourse and analyses the remark by John Rishton due to acceptance of IFRS and besides look at the differences between IFRS and US GAAP. Section B The undermentioned paragraphs will cover the alterations and the fiscal force per unit areas late faced by the air hose sector. Harmonizing to keynote study, Factors like addition in the monetary values of oil during first half of 2008 which earnestly affected the operating costs of air hoses, so the impact of planetary recession made the status even worse as impacting the figure of riders and therefore decreased the demand for air travel globally. In response the different air hoses companies have abandoned those paths which were unprofitable and besides cut down the un-necessary costs. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.keynote.co.uk/market-intelligence/view/product/2266/airlines/chapter/3/market-definition? highlight=british % 20airlines In such a hard stage of the air hose sector, the companies must understand that how its clients are paraphrasing value and their reaction in the period of recession, alternatively of cutting down on the budget which they have planned for the market research. Now we will discourse specifically about the British air passages and Emirates air hoses, besides will see the different fiscal and managerial challenges that are faced by the above two companies. SWOT analysis is used as tool to clear up the difference between the both the air hoses. SWOT analysis Strengths British air passages made a strong trade name individuality as United Kingdom s taking air hoses because of trust and trueness being showed by it s clients. Strong trade name individuality besides brought advantages of economic systems of graduated table. There is being a new subordinate launched by British air passages named as, Open Skies, which offers merely concern category for the traffic between U.S and major European states. British air passages has got immense capacity for it s air planes because of it s chief operating base hub Internet Explorer, at Heathrow airdrome and With the proposed amalgamation with Iberia, British airways is taking to go 2nd largest air hose company after Air France of Europe. British airways offers different trueness programmes for it s clients as to do certain the once more travel from their air hoses merely. On the other side Emirates air hose has made it s trade name strong in the market place utilizing different advertizements and many sponsorships. One of the chief strengths of emirates air hose is holding its focal point on diversified market and the entryway into the lading transporting proved really good for the company. Emirates air hose has made it s corporate civilization by listening and placing the demands of it s client. Emirates besides has low cost, which is around 30 % less than its European rivals. With the gap of emirates terminal 3 at Dubai international airdrome late and the uninterrupted ability to regenerate with betterment in the service gives the emirates air hose the strength border over it s rivals. Tim Clark who is the president of emirates air hose, stated that the past consequences of the air hoses have exceeded above outlooks despite of the addition in jet fuel monetary values for emirates air hoses from US $ 1.68 upto US $ 2.78 per gallon by the terminal o f the twelvemonth. hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? hl=en A ; lr= A ; id=IrNdr6qHKyIC A ; oi=fnd A ; pg=PA1 A ; dq=swot+emirates+airlines A ; ots=OZscUOFneV A ; sig=Rw6uBsSQ4-aIdwxbCIN2Yhxuw20 # v=onepage A ; q= % 20emirates % 20airlines A ; f=false Failing With the gap of new terminal 5 at Heathrow airdrome by the British air passages, the company faced jobs with preparation of staff, which led in flights being cancelled, complains of losing baggage. Furthermore the lifting fuel monetary values led to increase in ticket monetary values. The lag of both the UK and US economic systems has affected British Air passages as the company has become really vulnerable to fiscal instability. The bankruptcies in the US banking sector decreased the figure of premium booking riders in British air passages to a great extent. The path of Heathrow and New York is holding immense traffic of riders and signifiers an of import portion of British air passages gaining. Therefore, the bead in the engagements of premium category affected the profitableness of the company. British air passages besides suffered from increased in non fuel costs like from staff and the landing charges. For emirates air hoses, there is some failing besides associated with it, like it is non being successful in all of it s variegation and attacks, which has emerged as a failing of the company. Analysts have blamed the company for excessively much stressing on high terminal acquisitions and variegations in malice of acquiring the type of consequences from such determinations. As U.S is a major market for the air hose industry and emirates air hose does non provide to many topographic points in the U.S. , which is besides a failing for the company. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aerlines.nl/issue_38/38_Knorr_Eisenkopf_Emirates_Business_Model.pdf Opportunities If British air passages will to the full get the Iberia air hoses with presently 13 % portion, so it will be in the list of the universe s biggest air hoses holding approximated combined stock market capitalization worth of EUR 5.5 billion. There is an chance for the British air passages to spread out more in emerging markets like Middle East Region, India, and China. Another chance for British Airways is to now better the operating conditions of its terminal 5 at Heathrow airdrome. The company should concentrate on minimal cost of going to carry through client demands. With the addition of fuel efficient aircrafts of British air passages it can minimise the environmental harm, as protection of environment is emerged as an of import issue throughout the universe. The company should besides see an involvement of clients towards new topographic points and develop new paths wherever possible. On the other manus for emirates air hose the chance lies in which, it can utilize it s good developed substructure concern to travel into the new emerging markets where cyberspace acceptance is non really good developed. Same as for the British air passages, there is besides an chance for emirates to present new paths by detecting the involvement of clients. As besides Dubai and the middle-east part is more progressing for touristry and commercial intent enables emirates air hose to turn. Emirate air hose does no pay income revenue enhancement so this besides gives a revenue enhancement benefit to it. This saves about $ 250 million of money per twelvemonth. Besides due to shut propinquity of Dubai from Indian and Pakistan gives a opportunity to the air hose to entree enormously available inexpensive labor. The benefit of inexpensive labor in the emirates air hose can be seen from the figure as from the entire operating budget of the company, the cost of labour histories upto 18 % whi ch is really less as compared to Lufthansa air hose holding 27 % and united air hoses with 29 % of cost of labor. hypertext transfer protocol: //ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/02/emirates-airlines-leadership-analysis.html Menaces The current menace to British air passages is from current economic slowed down, increased fuel monetary values and weaker lb. The planetary recession has badly affected air transit. The travel and touristry industry is traveling towards including more green patterns. There is force per unit area from European Union on all the air hoses companies to restrict C emanations Across EU. After the events of 11 September 2001, the security steps have been more tighten by the air hose companies. There is besides strong competition from low cost air hoses, sail and inveigh conveyance that constitutes a bigger portion in travel market. Low cost bearers are progressively looking for new paths for clients with low-cost ticket monetary value. Another affair of concern for British Airways is the trade brotherhood power. The trade brotherhood already did many work stoppages in grand 2004 and 2005. Cost of fuel is besides can be at hazard as the political state of affairs in Iraq is back uping the r ise of oil monetary values, which will ensue in attention deficit disorder up of another ?100 million to the cost of British Airways. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.warc.com/ArticleCenter/Default.asp? CType=A A ; AID=WORDSEARCH90784 A ; Tab=A Whereas, there is terrible menace on emirates air hoses besides from it s rivals calling Qatar air passages and Etihad air passages. Due to political instability in middle-east could take to hold a negative impact on emirate air hose. Although the cargo commercial and passenger sections of emirates air hoses have managed to accomplish their marks, but increasing oil monetary values affected last one-fourth net income. As more desire of trade good trading affected oil monetary values due to agents were non uncovering the existent figure of deficit of natural stuff. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.articlesbase.com/flights-articles/organisational-strategyemirates-airline-1908526.html 4 Challenges: There are some of the challenges still left out to be tackle by the BA at the clip of developing its clime alteration programme. As the company operate in environment which is unsure and political environment is merely a portion of whole environment but it gives challenges like of altering clime. BA has taken assorted enterprises to confront amp ; solved these challenges right from developing in-depth apprehension on how to confront these challenges, maintaining argument with authorities and inquiring for their cooperation. ( British Airways SWOT Analysis, 2006 ) . BA had to confront many menaces from competition besides the security menaces like after the incidence of 9/11 terrorist onslaught, as its been considered as amongst the universe most net income devising air hoses so for them to take the industry the competition becomes more stiff for that they non merely have to confront menaces like intensifying fuel cost but besides have to run with low cost. BA has been helped by keymetric with 2006 transformational online plans to salvage about approximately 38 1000000s. Operating net income has gone down to 80 per centum which shows sheer and extreme lessening due to the weak client assurance and therefore cut downing the traffic volumes. Challenges are chiefly face due to the so many cost which has become hot air balloon and traveling high, if busted will non beneficial for the company. The cost balloon include so many costs like right from fuel cost, employee cost, cost of technology, landing fees and besides this, besides includes more operations costs due to detain in switching to terminal 5 like, cargo managing costs, hauling charges, cost of land equipments, IT and strong euro rate etc. Whereas, Emirates airlines foremost penetrated the market by establishing it s paths to the topographic points in west Africa like in Nigeria and Ghana wholly. To prolong in to the market and experience the presence in these two states there is besides a challenge to be able to manage many multilingual issues and the jobs with dual byte sites. As emirates is p resent internationally, to pull off it s informations which is globally spread through cyberspace, the company took the determination of distributing out SDL Tridion s content for direction solution. With such a determination enabled the Emirates, to provide to wider and assortment of audience. As now the clients from all over the universe can entree to common information available to them. ( Simon, 2007 ) Solution: Aviation industry requires immense amounts of investing to run and it adds hazard to the return every bit good. The chief money beginning of income for houses is stockholder. BA secures its place in the universe air power through concentrating its purpose towards its prospective stockholders and merchandise improvement with passing cost expeditiously. BA aims to accomplish alone civilization in air hose by concentrating towards client and their demands. BA believes that, distinguishing their scheme from their rivals will convey the immense market. After being loosed the conflict in to the concern category which has been collapsed, after their place has been taken over by Silver Jet Airlines as a concern category leader. But after this move in the air power industry, British Airways took some good determinations like buying of Lavion Paris Airline, which was a quiet successful for BA. British Airways is ever prepared to the alteration harmonizing to the environment and that alo shows in their class of planned action. BA has released the Terminal 5 which was traveling through good operation with 6 million riders ( Marzouqi, N.D. ) . Emirates on the other manus, had find out a niche for itself as a path for success and non in the manner of following others. Unlike BA, emirates was non really much affected by 9/11 incident and besides with diminution of net income degrees, place factors the company directors did nt agitate and through their belief in their company and dedication took them out in such a crisis state of affairs and therefore, they were remained profitable. Whereas, other air hoses were cut downing and puting off their work force so as to cut down the cost but, emirates did nt make this and their alone working paid off. ( Sull, 2005 ) Modi mention list British Airways SWOT Analysis ( 2006 ) Available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.coursework.info/University/Business_and_Administrative_studies/Marketing/British_Airways_SWOT_analysis_L86355.html, Accessed on 05/04/2010 Simon, M. ( 2007 ) Global Branding and Communication Delivered , SDL Tridion, Available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tridion.com/system/login.aspx, Accessed on 07/04/2010 Marzouqi, O, J. ( N.D. ) British Airways , Available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scribd.com/doc/9204402/British-Airways, Accessed on 08/04/2010 Sull, N. , 2005, The Hub of the World , Business Strategy Review, Spring 2005, pp 35-76, Available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.donsull.com/downloads/hub_of_the_world.pdf, Accessed on 08/04/2010

Essay about Windows Vista and Basic Disk

Essay about Windows Vista and Basic Disk Essay about Windows Vista and Basic Disk Robert Smith Ch. 4 Questions 1. By default, Windows 7 standard users are permitted to install Plug and Play devices only if their drivers are __Digitally signed___. 2. The debilitating condition in which files are stored as clusters scattered all over a disk is called ____Fragmentation______. 3. The file system included in Windows 7 that is specifically designed for use on flash drives is called ____Fat32_____. 4. Technically speaking, you create ____Partitions______ on basic disks and ____Volumes____ on dynamic disks. 5. In Windows 7, the ____Fat32_____ file system is limited to volumes no larger than 32 gigabytes. 6. The digital signature of a driver consists of a ____Checksum______ that is appended to the driver itself before publication. 7. To create a fourth primary partition on a basic disk, you must use the ____Disk Managment____ utility. 8. To extend or shrink a partition on a basic disk, you must be a member of the ___Backup operator___ or _____Administrator____ group. 9. The default partition style used by Windows 7 on an x86 computer is ____MBR_____. 10. All digitally signed drivers have undergone _____Windows Quality Labs_____ testing. T F 1. There is no way to create a fourth primary partition on a basic disk in Windows 7. False T F 2. Striped volumes provide greater fault tolerance than simple volumes. False T F 3. All dynamic disks have only one partition on them. True T F 4. By default, all device drivers must be

Jean Paul Guode - The Queen of Seoul Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jean Paul Guode - The Queen of Seoul - Essay Example â€Å"So Far, So Goude† details his work from the late 1960s till the present times. The writings and descriptions are autobiographical in nature. Apart from other merits, latent humor is an aspect that is worth highlighting about his art. In the art world, he is like an octopus that grows in all directions. He arrived in the art-world like an avalanche, and specialized in its various branches. He was not an old-fashioned individual and adopted the latest trends with mesmerizing effect. The book contains 350 illustrations in full color that appeal to lovers of art in all genres and also to the commercial world. The commercial design and the advertising world will love this book as Goude has made a mark in this area by working for Lee Cooper, Cacharel and Chanel etc. The book is candidly autobiographical. To sum up the merits of the book in one sentence, the book can be compared to an artwork and the author terms it as yet another opportunity to describe his life, so far. He is the creator and the critic of the artistic achievements in his life. He terms it as the personal archaeological dig, meaning thereby he goes deep into his self-assessment and the depth of artistry in him. Though he never missed the commercial viewpoint, to him work of art was a mission, not commission. It was not just an aggrandizement to amass more and more wealth. He acknowledges the great influence his mother had on him and she was the inspiration behind his artistic pursuits and achievements. He terms her as ‘the real star of the family.’ When putting into canvas the artistic talents, a genius artist always remains in communion with his soul. True art according to Jean Paul Goude, must reflect the total personality of an artist, his strengths and weaknesses, values and obsessions. The microscopes with which one examines oneself needs to be thoroughly impartial and should not spare the societal failings, and he should never exclude himself for own shortcomings. Besi des, this book includes hundreds of little-known photographs and previously unseen drawings. I refer to the photograph of 1994 done in Paris and named ' The Queen of Seoul. When he was on working on his feature film, he was introduced to a girl named Karen, by his friend. It was love and admiration at first sight. Admiring her beauty in that first meeting he wrote, (2006) â€Å"What a lovely little character!† It was a genuine outburst of inspiration that had materialized all of a sudden-a feeling I hadn’t experienced in a very long time.† Karen proved to be his inspiration. She was a Korean, and her association kindled curiosity in him to know more about Korea. He made a thorough reading of the biography of Meungsunghwaunghoo, the last queen of Korea and a martyr of the Korean resistance against the Japanese invasion. As he continued with his study on Korea, Karen inspired him with another idea. That was about meeting the challenge of violence of Japanese invasi on, through non-violent methods, like Mahatma Gandhi, who believed and practiced non-violence. Within the limited scope of this essay, I would like to take up just one of his work. She is wearing a western crown. Her costumes are of Korean tradition. She has a sword in her right hand and baton in her left hand. She has an angry look and stares to generate fear in the mind of the viewer. Baton symbolizes the power to control. The inscription on the stand (box) below the photograph reads in Korean, â€Å"

International business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 4

International business - Essay Example Their expectation is that these additional aircraft will allow Ryanair to double in size to over 84 million passengers each year by 2012. Moreover, Ryanair currently employs a team of 4,200 people, comprising over 25 different nationalities (About Ryanair). Ryanair’s competitive strategy is quite simple. The company offers the lowest fares of any airline operating in Europe. The firm has succeeded by holding its average fare below â‚ ¬50, which is about a third lower than even EasyJet’s, its strongest low-price competitor. The company sells seats on a one-way basis. Fares are set on the basis of demand for particular flights and by reference to the period remaining to the date of departure of the flights; higher fares are charged on flights with higher levels of demand made nearer to the date of departure. The secret of Ryanair’s success in their business could be drawn out of how they were able to narrow the value network by eliminating non core activities and to shorten the value network by eliminating processes that are part of the value chain. The company’s aircraft handling, ticketing and other services at certain airports are handled by third party contractors, which is Servisair. The company has its own internet booking facility and reservation centre, and generates the majority of its sales through direct selling (through website and telephone reservations). Ryanair also provides various ancillary services and engages in other activities connected with its core air passenger service, including non-flight scheduled services; in-flight sale of beverages, food and merchandise; and internet-related services. As part of its non-flight scheduled and internet-related services, Ryanair offers accommodation services, car rentals, rail tickets, and travel insurance through both its website and its traditional telephone reservation

Stroke The Causes And Effects Health And Social Care Essay

Stroke The Causes And Effects Health And Social Care Essay In this assignment I discuss Paul who is a 65 year old male and has suffered a stroke. My aim is to explain what a stroke is, the causes and effects, and give you my understanding of how I as a Health Care Worker can help identify, meet and care for the clients needs following a stroke. For this assignment I will bring together the knowledge I have gained as a health care assistant student to date along with some research also. I have carried out my research using the internet, Irish heart foundation, stroke centre organisation, stroke.ie. My focus as a health care assistant is to explain what care my client should receive after his stroke, identify the assistance needed and give recommendations to meet his rehabilitation, to help him keep abilities and gain back lost abilities and also take care of his needs such as physical, emotional, social and intellectual needs. Introduction A stroke is caused by an interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain, the term stroke comes from the fact that it usually happens without any warning, striking the person from out of the blue (ihf.com) A stroke can happen to anyone, some people are at higher risk for different reasons such as age and family history. Other risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, being overweight, diabetes, and high cholesterol. 2 people per 1000 in the world have a stroke, people affected are mostly over the age of 60, and stroke is the 3rd leading cause of death over the age of 65yrs. (ihf.com) Paul is 65 years old and lives alone he was very active and in good health up until he suffered a stroke. Paul suffered an ischaemic stroke (a cerebral thrombosis) a cerebral thrombosis is the most common type of stroke. When Paul arrived at the hospital he was met by the stroke physician. He spent 2 days in intensive care and 4 days on the high dependency ward and is now is on a recovery ward. I the health care assistant along with the rehabilitation team in the hospital doctor, nurse, consultant, and physiotherapist etc will help assist in my clients recovery. Stroke Effects A stroke causes damage to the brain, the effects depend on the part of the brain that is affected, but every stroke is different. (stroke.ie) For some people the effects are mild and dont last long, other strokes can have severe or continued disability. The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body and vice versa. (stroke.ie) Any weakness or paralysis in the right arm can result from a stroke from the left side of the brain. The left side of the brain in the majority of people controls language, reading, talking, writing and understanding. On the right side perceptual skills (understanding what you see, hear, touch) and spatail skills (speed, position, and distance) are controlled. Paralysis happens because of damage to the area of the brain that sends messages to the limbs and balance can be affected also. Swallowing problems affect half of the people who have had a stroke, so food and liquids are harder to swallow. Communicating can affect the persons ability to use and understand language this is known as aphasia, two main communication problems are difficulty understanding the spoken word and trouble to express words. Vision can be lost on one side, if the person has weakness on the left side of the body it can be difficult to see on that side. Emotional changes ups and downs can be caused either by distress that comes from having a stroke, or changes that have happened in the brain. (stroke.ie) Changes in the brain cause mood swings, depression, anger, sadness and loss of confidence, so the patient may find it hard to control emotions and can laugh or cry for no reason. Needs Met Physical ~ some people find it difficult to keep up with leisure activities due to low mood, no motivation, a disability or low self-esteem following a stroke. While still in my care, i will help my client by keeping his abilities he has, and gain back the abilities he has lost with stroke, I will help my patient with any exercise he needs and help him become more independent. I will along with the physiotherapist will help my client get into good sitting and lying positions as this helps to prevent skin breakdown, support the weak side affected to help reduce changes in muscle tone due to inactivity, and at all times encourage my client to reach his personal goals. Hygiene ~ the care of a clients personal hygiene is very important for their health and wellbeing. I will ensure that the clients hygiene needs are met and will help my client with his daily hygiene by washing him at his bedside until he is able to get into the shower, also helping him with dressing, shaving and brushing his teeth. Nutrition ~ is very important in maintaining the clients health, and good nutrition is vital as it helps maintain body weight and keeps the cells working properly. My client Paul is left handed and is very weak on the right side so I will assist with his meals until he gains enough strength to feed himself. He has dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), so I have pureed his food to make it easier for him to swallow. There are specialised utensils that will help my client when he gains the ability to feed himself. Emotional ~ following a stroke the person is left with a sense of loss and may feel anger, fear, worry, uncertainty and rejection. I will provide Paul with psychological comfort re assuring him that he is in safe and secure surroundings, and will show him patience, understanding, empathy and encouragement supporting him always in his recovery. Aftercare Care at Home Stroke rehabilitation is the process by which a stroke survivor works with a team of health care providers with the aim of regaining as much of the function lost after a stroke as possible. (sc.org) My client will join in a comprehensive rehabilitation programme in hospital and when he leaves, this will increase his chances of recovery and help him regain a large part of his functions lost as a result of stroke. Some of the professional team involved in this will be: Physical medicine rehabilitation physicians, physiatrists take both the physical impairments and medical conditions of their patients into account and work with other health practitioners to devise treatment plans. (stroke.org) Physical therapy will help my client restore function, improve mobility, relive pain and help limit permanent disabilities and also help with maintaining overall fitness and health. Occupational therapy will help Paul with any mental, physical or emotional problems by developing his ability to pe rform tasks in his daily living surroundings, and help him recover or keep daily living and work skills. Speech therapy is a very important part of life after a stroke as aphasia disturbs the process of language and understanding due to brain damage from a stroke my client can receive this to help him gain back this ability. My client has family are able to help, and will play a vital part in the care and wellbeing that Paul will need when he goes home. They can help him by supporting and encouraging him through the different stages of his recovery. The public health nurse is part of a community care team and will provide helpful advice on managing difficulties that can happen while caring for a person in their home. She will also assess my clients needs, so that she can supply him with appropriate support services, speech therapy, physiotherapist, social worker, and home help etc. Paul can also get advice on practical aids such as walking frames, suitable beds and any other mobilit y aids my client may need. Conclusion A stroke can be a devastating and distressing experience to happen to the individual and their families, stealing the person effected of their independence, confidence, abilities and health. Stroke recovery is usually a slow process and can often take months while the brain is healing. Recovery all depends on the person and long term effects can range from mild to severe. There is a wide range of specialists that care for a stroke patient from the medical, nursing, and therapy professionals. The multi-disciplinary team give care to the person in a range of settings, ICU, general ward, and home after care. Some people are affected mildly and may not take long to recover, but in others it can leave the person with severe disabilities, paralysis, communication problems, and loss of vision, physical and emotional changes. All of the people involved aim to help the person regain the highest level of function, although after a stroke the person may depend totally on others as they can be v ery ill. The care and needs will change as their conditions may get worse or better,

Kindred Spirits Hotel †Case study Essay

Identify and Define the Problem: Before Greta became the owner of the Kindred Spirits Hotel, there had always been a comfortable, family atmosphere, but this was turned upside down by her presence. She was cold and uncommunicative. She would yell at the employees and reprimand them in front of employees and guests. She also insisted not working the breakfast shift. This was hard on the staff because major decisions needed to be made at that time and Greta was unavailable. As well, she fired three workers to cut costs. However, the work needing to be done did not decrease, she just expected everyone to do more. This made it difficult to feed guests breakfast, check out guests, and clean the rooms before new guests arrived. Most days, new guests had to wait for their rooms. Sometimes, they left and went to other hotels. Revenues were down 18% over last year at this time and profits had decreased 25%. Greta immediately cancelled all bonuses and cut back on the benefits offered to employees. The problem is that Greta’s attitude, work ethic & style have tarnished the hotel’s reputation and operation. As a result, the workers’ morale has been diminished to an all-time low. Generate and Evaluate Possible Solutions: Greta has to do a self-reflection and adapt to the environment to which the rest of the employees have become accustomed. She needs to treat the staff with respect and to stop yelling at them. In addition, Greta needs to become more of a team player. She needs to lose the attitude that she is superior because she is the boss and pitch in and help herself. She needs to be available particularly in the morning, as that is when decisions are made and it is the busiest and most critical part of the day. Greta may also consider hiring back those employees she released, in an effort to get the work done, thus better servicing the guests. This would also improve staff morale. If she were to admit she made a mistake and were to apologize for her behaviour, she might win back some of the employees’ respect and improve morale. There is a cost to hiring back the employees, but this additional cost should be offset by an increase in bookings due to improved service. The hotel was profitable when the staff was all employed there working for the previous owner. What needs to be changed is her treatment of the staff. She should hold a meeting with the staff to explain the changes and her actions, outlining that things will be better in the future. You might say, â€Å"How fast will the benefits occur and will a positive impact be achieved?† Most of these alternatives will take effect right away, but in order to increase the revenue and profit we are looking at long-term goals. The staff should support these entire solutions listed above because no matter how you look at it, Greta has to give back to the hotel. All of these alternatives will rekindle the staff’s morale, giving them the boost they need to do a hard day’s work. The hotel will prosper once again. If Greta can’t adapt then she should sell the business to someone who can make the business a more profitable one. She might also consider promoting Greg to manage the hotel and delegate total authority to him, removing herself from the operations. The staff respect Greg and have worked well with him in the past. Greg has had plenty of experience having these priorities before – in the last two years the previous owner had left much of the management decisions up to him. This would re-motivate the staff. Choose a solution In order to successfully address the problems herself, Greta needs to recognize that she herself is the problem. She also needs to be able to modify her behaviour and attitude. If she cannot do this, a successful implementation is not possible. Problem #2 Identify and Define the Problem: The second problem is parking. The city of Stratford had had complaints from neighbours about this. The hotel only had11 parking spaces and the overflow parked on the street. The town council was debating cancelling overnight parking on the street. This would have a dramatic impact on the hotel. In two weeks there would be a council meeting and Greg suggested he attend in Greta’s place but she screamed at him saying that she was in charge and how dare he try to undermine her authority. Greg had enough. He threatened to quit and walked out of the hotel. Generate and Evaluate Possible Solutions: Greta has to resolve her issues with Greg foremost and apologize for making those remarks. Greg is well respected by the staff and has been working in this business for fifteen years, so he should have her respect too. Since Greta couldn’t make any progress with the city council and has alienated them with her remarks, she should give Greg a shot and let him speak, or discuss his ideas beforehand so she can present his views at the meeting. If Greg walks out on her, other employees might follow. It is very important that she does not lose Greg, who is a valuable asset to the hotel and her business, else her problems may escalate. Greta could call a meeting with the staff and brainstorm together. 11 spaces are not enough for their guests to park. If they are unsuccessful with city council, they could expand their capacity by renting more property, build an underground garage or designate an area for parking. One spot per employee, one spot per guest. If an indoor garage were to be built, additional expenses would be incurred. The hotel might approach the city to help cover these additional costs. To earn money back, a fee should be charged for the use of the garage. Choose a Solution The easiest and most economical solution is for city council to grant parking on the street. The best chances for this happening would be if Greg were to present the hotel’s case at the council meeting. Greta should recommend that Greg attend. If this fails, the hotel should negotiate to pay for additional parking, where the costs are passed on to the hotel guests using the parking facilities.